Newton and Galileo never questioned that time is independent, but it is! Just need to think like Einstein! Setup Two identical light bulbs, A and B, are placed at equal distances on either side of a person standing still at the center on a train platform. The bulbs are programmed to flash at the same … Continue reading If Time Is Independent, There Is No Causality

One need to understand these basic concepts for system designing DNS: domain name system APIs has Restful and GraphQL two types CAP Theorem Websocket Webhook Monolithic Architecture versus Microservices Message Queues Elastic Search: stores data in JSON documents (kind of like a flexible NoSQL database); It builds a structure called an inverted index — think … Continue reading System Design Concepts

Very good lectures from "hello interview", sketching out the designing in below forms, Uber:

Redis (REmote DIctionary Server) is an in-memory data structure store, used as: A database; A cache; A message broker. It is known for ultra-low latency and high performance, often measured in microseconds. Let's build a tiny Redis clone in Python to understand the core mechanics of Redis. import socket import threading # In-memory key-value store … Continue reading Learn and Use Redis

In Einstein's autobiography, he said what defines a human being is not what he does or suffers but what he think and how he thinks!

When Erwin Schrödinger developed his famous equation in 1925-1926, he formulated it as a wave equation for matter waves (inspired by de Broglie). He was thinking in terms of differential equations and their solutions (wavefunctions, ψ) in configuration space. His primary goal was to find an equation that yielded the correct quantized energy levels for … Continue reading From Waves to Vectors: How Schrödinger’s Equation Led to Hilbert Space

Walk into any discussion about fundamental physics, especially particle physics and the Standard Model, and you'll inevitably hear the term "gauge symmetry." It's lauded as a cornerstone principle, the very foundation upon which our understanding of forces (like electromagnetism, the weak force, and the strong force) is built. It’s powerful, elegant, and... somewhat misleadingly named. … Continue reading Gauge Symmetry Should be Phase Symmetry

It is foreseeable that various types of MCP servers will emerge and expand rapidly, alongside CLI tools that facilitate their discovery and management. Noteworthy companies, such as Heroku, are advancing swiftly in this domain, and I intend to explore Heroku's MCP server as a case study, in conjunction with the official documentation published by Anthropic, … Continue reading Fast Growing MCP Community

Index level calculation handles various corporate actions explicitly by leveraging the Divisor Mechanism 1. Historical Continuity The primary purpose of the divisor is to maintain continuity in the index value when changes occur that shouldn't affect the economic value of the index, such as: Stock splits Constituent changes Corporate actions (mergers, spinoffs) 2. How the … Continue reading Building a Complex Functional App Is Easy in Our AI Era 03

Using this comprehensive and systematic approach gives us a great chance to move away from the old Excel and screen methods we've been using. This change not only offers a fresh start but also allows for better efficiency and teamwork. Just think about how much easier our tasks can be when we use modern tools … Continue reading Building a Complex Functional App Is Easy in Our AI Era 02